They are responding to increasing pressure from water experts. At the 2011 Water India forum in New Delhi, Arjun Thapan, special senior adviser on water and infrastructure to the Asian Development Bank, called the situation in India “unremittingly bleak”, telling the representatives of industry gathered before him that they must change the way they use water if they want to avoid a “train wreck”.
“Frankly, I do not believe that India has a choice; it must reform,” said Thapan. “India’s demand for water in 2030 has been estimated in recent studies to be about double that of China’s: 1,500 billion cubic metres compared to 818 billion cubic metres in China.”
While agriculture has traditionally been the biggest user of water, the industrial sector is expected to take over this position, according to the World Bank, which estimates that the water requirement for industrial use will quadruple from the current 30 billion cubic metres to 120 billion cubic metres by 2025.